This past week, one client lamented, “I just don’t want to give people false hope.”

I responded, “And nor should you. But that doesn’t mean you can’t help them find real hope.”

As we explored his concerns, I detected a pattern I’d seen among many leaders I’ve coached in past weeks – a genuine misunderstanding of what hope actually is.

So, let me start by talking about what hope is not. It’s hope’s counterfeits that create false hope, and we are wise to avoid them.

Hope does not come from making guarantees or promises, especially those you can’t keep. 

Many leaders, failing to manage their own anxiety, reflexively make commitments with the intention of offering people reassurance. In the face of dire economic uncertainty, layoffs, and swirling cyclones of conflicting information, people are fearful, and leaders understandably want to allay those fears. Reasonable leaders know that making promises you later break is cruel under these conditions. Trying to be measured, leaders instead say things like, “I wish I could tell you when this was all going to end,” or “This is the best information I have right now,” and some even attempt presumptuous empathy with statements like, “I know how stressful this must be.” But efforts to balance restraint and comfort can have the unintended consequence of missing the perfect opportunity to offer hope.

Hope is not mere positivity that eliminates fear and anxiety. 

Born of a genuine sense of compassion, leaders want to quell people’s negative emotions. But they know that just layering “positive emotions” on top of them could make things worse.  Positivity is not hoping, and when optimism is misused, leaders appear out of touch, insincere, and aloof. Unfortunately, to avoid looking Pollyannaish, or worse, condescending, leaders are just sticking to the facts, curbing the very humanity that is their greatest source of hope.

Discovering Hope

Hope is created at the intersections of 1) passion – a desire for something vital, 2) perseverance – the need to prevail against great odds, and 3) faith – the belief that there could be something greater beyond those odds. When a leader, organization, or even country is facing its darkest days, like the ones we are in today feel like, hope is what gets us through. And while leaders can’t just “give hope” like a pill or “click here for hope” icon, what they can do is create the safe conditions in which people can discover it for themselves.

Hope is not allegorical or “squishy.” And it’s proven to be a fundamental need to humans in times of crisis. In Sweden, asylum-seeking refugee children contract what doctors call “resignation syndrome,” a self-induced coma to help them cope with a dire lack of hope. Researchers Peterson and Byron point out that individuals with a higher capacity for hope are more motivated to achieve their goals than those with low hope. They found that high-hope individuals had higher overall job performance, satisfaction, and tenacity, suggesting that hopefulness can help employees when they encounter obstacles.

Clearly, when faced with dire conditions, our souls crave hope at a fundamental level because it is crucial to surviving seasons like this one. Hope isn’t the alleviation of fearful risk or the sidelining of anxiety. It’s the choice to see beyond the current circumstances to something better despite the presence of those feelings.

So, what can leaders do to help people discover hope in the days ahead?

First, find out what monster you’re fighting.  

Each person is metabolizing this pandemic in uniquely personal ways. If their hope is flagging in the face of fears, doubts and uncertainties, the origins of lost hope will be distinct to them. Some you lead may already be showing signs of withdrawal or apathy – signals they are craving hope. And rest assured, in the face of isolation from social distancing, those monsters in our heads become even more ferocious. For some, the usual suspects of economic uncertainty and job security are the main culprits. But even beneath those common monsters lie unique breeds of fear – am I employable? How’s my network? For others, it’s their health or that of a loved one. Still, for others, it’s the chronic sadness that comes from seeing so much panic and pain around them. Every person’s blueprint for processing this is specific to them.

In safe settings, I’ve found that asking people to name their worst nightmares, looking right into the eyes of the monster, helps disarm their power. “What’s the worst-case scenario playing out in your head? Tell me about the horror reel looping in your mind at night when you can’t sleep.” What I often hear are scenes far more tragic than are likely to ever play out in reality. When I ask, “And how likely do you feel that scenario is?”, they often pause and say things like, “I guess not very likely.” Naming the monster in the presence of a trusted friend or leader helps reduce their outsized power over our perspective.

Then, help people realize they are stronger than the monsters. 

What paralyzes many people during perilous uncertainty isn’t the catastrophes they concoct in their head, it’s the fear of succumbing to those catastrophes. When we panic, our brains can shift into what neuroscientists call “amygdala hijack,” our brain’s protection mechanism that leads to our fight, flight, or freeze response. Our rational brain in our pre-frontal cortex disconnects from the part of our brain that processes danger and our decision-making and judgment apparatus become impaired. Our catastrophizing turns current circumstances into a permanent reality and imminent threat.

During a recent conversation with a leader, I asked her to tell me about the worst thing she’d ever survived in her life. It was horrific. Far worse than the worst-case scenario she’d conceived for the pandemic. This revealed two important pieces of information. First, she was processing her current fear through the lens of past experiences, a natural byproduct of suffering from former traumatic events. For example, if someone has endured being laid off in the past, they may well fear to suffer a lay off followed by losing their home now. Second, she was failing to recognize that she had a storehouse of resilience to tap into. She’d come through her past misfortune, by her own account, stronger and better. She needed to (re)discover that she was indeed capable of persevering through life’s setbacks. Feeling no control over a situation sets the stage for lost hope. These first two steps help restore a sense of lost control by bringing into focus what one can control, opening the door for hope to emerge.

Now, you can show empathy. 

Having listened to someone’s worst nightmares, helping them tap into forgotten reserves of resilience, you have now earned your right to offer empathy. Acknowledge their anxiety and grief as legitimate. For many, the cancellation of weddings, graduations, proms, and major life moments, or the inability to hold funerals to mourn lost loved ones, creates heartbreaking grief. For others, the change to working from home, the loss of routine and connection, and the fear of personal financial hardship can be debilitating. Many don’t have safe places to process these emotions. Of course, never compare your pain and don’t start any sentence with, “Well, at least it’s not….” Empathy simply lets people know you genuinely understand and care without having to “fix things.” Talk vulnerably about why you have hope despite your fear. Having listened to them first, your concern will be more welcomed and experienced with the love and kindness you intend.

Use evidence judiciously. 

While most fact bases about what’s happening out there feel full of contradictions, there are reliable sources of information you can use. While facts are rarely strong enough to counter raging emotions, sometimes they can help. The fact that China and South Korea are showing signs of recovery – travel bans starting to lift and people returning to work – can offer some encouragement that the conditions we’re facing, while painful, are not permanent.

Beyond facts about managing the virus itself, I have also found the real-time examples of creative generosity, staunch resilience, inspiring artistry, and sacrificial bravery of our medical professionals, to offer remarkable sources of disconfirming data to the apocalyptic-like predictions of an oncoming Armageddon. (Here’s an entire collection gathered in one place! The virtual “What the World Needs Now” choir gets me every time. And don’t miss those Italian 12-year-old twins crushing it on the violins!) The incredible examples of global collaborations among the scientific community and the ingenuity of numerous inventors to find innovative ways to create needed medical equipment like ventilators, all serve as evidence of our capacity to more than survive this crisis.  From all corners of the earth, this pandemic has revealed humanity at our best, combating a pandemic virus with a pandemic of compassion. These are powerful sources of hope.

Model and invite gratitude.

Finally, having set conditions for discovering real hope, you can help people anchor that hope with what we know to be a sustaining force -gratitude. In their book, Leading with Gratitude, Chester Elton and Adrian Gostick offer profound, yet practical ways for leaders to inspire others through gratitude. Science tells us that gratitude produces a sense of well-being, purpose, and yes, hope, when we use it to regain lost perspective. Tell people about what you are grateful for. Most importantly, tell them you are grateful for the courage they are showing amidst their fears, and for being honest with you about those fears.

Blame, outrage and unhelpful politicizing of this crisis all thrive in environments of panic, perpetuating hopelessness. Gratitude helps divert such toxic emotions by reminding people that their lives still hold sources of joy for which they are genuinely grateful. Allowing people to verbalize those joys in the presence of your shared delight helps solidify their power to sustain hope.

Hope would not be the powerful force that it is if it were chosen only when a reason to do so was obvious. The true power of hope lies in uncovering and choosing it when the presenting conditions suggest doing otherwise — when chronic uncertainty feels like the “new normal” for the world.

In the face of unspeakable challenges in the days ahead, one of the greatest gifts you can give those you lead, and those you love, is the invitation to discover hope. It won’t appear on its own, especially for the most fragile among us.  Take the time to sit with them, and together, excavate what may be the most vital resource they need to weather this storm. I hope you will.